1. Background Issues
2. Highest ranking needs
3. Discussions
on Utility Industry Needs
4. Labs Overview Presentations
PROGRAM AND AGENDA
T&D-RELATED ITEMS AT LABS,
PREVIOUSLY IDENTIFIED BY UFTO
Participants
Generally:
Lively discussions, good communication, worthwhile exchange of ideas
and mutual education (labs to utilities, utility to utility, and lab to
lab). Personal connections established. Numerous one-on-one discussions
and plans for follow-up and possible collaborations (that weren't mentioned
to the whole gathering).
Feedback and Comments:
Positive overall. "Stated Goals were accomplished." Would have benefited
from participation by more utilities, and more time for meetings and socializing.
Question whether Labs were entirely comfortable revealing their ideas in
the presence of each other. Would have helped if agenda had been more tightly
defined earlier in planning for the workshop.
The most clearly identified need was for underground cable remaining life/incipient fault, and fault location.
--------------------------------
1. Background Issues
--------------------------------
- Utility budget cycles --lead time to plan new development projects
- Decentralized decision making, or non-decision making
- Hi initial cost of new technology (chicken & egg)
- Need systems integration to get value from new technology
-takes too long and "too expensive"
- Evolving definition of reliability
- Deferred maintenance on T&D due to cost cutting and uncertainty
about restructuring.
- What rewards will there be for improving reliability??
- Rate of return still regulated, and increasingly tied to quality
of service
- Increasing pressures for lower costs AND more functionality and efficiency
--------------------------------
2. Highest ranking needs:
--------------------------------
_______
**Incipient fault/remaining life estimate
- Distribution Cable (especially underground)
Current methods are not non-destructive (and don't know how much damage
they do, e.g. effects of over voltage).
Current methods don't tell condition, and don't provide estimate of
time-to-failure.
Vendors promoting new devices (meas. PD and time diff.) --hard to sort
thru claims.
(One utility spends $4M/yr replacing cable--needs better prioritization
method).
- Transmission
HV flashover prediction--problem with false alarms and too-short lead
time (1 min)
(OHT has method to measure ice/salt-build-up; go to "safe" operating
mode)
(De-icing methods have problems, e.g. environmental)
- Devices
Rotating machinery -- partial discharge doing fairly well, but operators
combine with other information to make judgments.
GIS--working fairly well.
Breakers--faster trip time desirable, but not a perceived need.
_______
**Fault location
EPRI Fast Fault Finder only for radial distrib feeders; need for
other configurations.
Overhead lines--intermittent faults difficult to locate; need signature
analysis, precursor id. Higher sampling rates may help.
Cost/Benefit analysis needed to know return on investment.
_______
**HVDC/Converters
PNNL has device to combine multiple DC inputs.
ORNL has voltage-source converter-prototype working at 1 MW, 480v.
_______
**DA switching algorithms
Need architecture and logic for distributed intelligence/decision making,
a "LAN for control" that reports up to higher levels. For example, a group
of switches could cope with problems locally (idea of a "virtual substation"--i.e.
not located in one place).
_______
Accommodating distributed generation - many issues to deal with.
_______
**Substations --How to get from data to information and decisions
--------------------------------
3. Discussions
on Utility Industry Needs
--------------------------------
A. ISOs -Emerging Issues in Regional Transmission --
(Discussion leader: Roger Fischer, TU)
Change is coming fast! ISO's already getting established.
Need to get information into OASIS.
What are mechanisms to calculate and post Trans. Capacity; Reporting
systems.
How to do (dynamic) security analysis in open environment--will need
to anticipate and respond to outages differently--systems, sensors, FACTS,
information management, etc. to detect imminent failures and protect the
grid.
Ancillary Services-who'll provide them; how will they be priced/billed?
How will congestion issues be dealt with?
Contracts vs. the free market-- efficiency and security/reliability pull in opposite direction -- paper work won't match actual operations.
ISO's won't own the wires--will need computers, real time analysis/state estimation, control capability, and "over-the-horizon" look into generators (with proprietary data issues).
---------
B. Smarter Operations (Discussion leader: Gary Roskos-NSP)
C. New Devices (Discussion leader: Jim Lemke-Cinergy)
Areas of greatest interest and concern (where the money is):
Bulk Transmission and Load-serving Transmission, Distribution, Critical
customers
Note: Boundary "at the meter" between "poles & wires" and marketing/services
may be fuzzy.
Need "technology leaps" (lower cost, more function) in systems
for:
- Customer Information
- Resource Utilization
- Physical Plant Record Keeping
- System Monitoring and Control
- Integration of all the above- Systems, and Organization (especially)
System wide improvements needed:
- Customer Access to Information
- Power Quality -- Large Scale UPS Systems
(Most new technology fixes for P/Q are not yet commercial!)
- System Monitoring and Control
- Capital and O&M Cost Reduction
O&M Needs:
- Accurate Condition Assessment - sensors, decision making, communication
- Low Cost Distrib Autom. - transducers, communic, control strategies
(Cheaper bandwidth--more for less) (Switching algorithms)
- Accommodation for Distributed Generation
- Cold/Storm Weather Operations/Maintenance.
- Resource Scheduling, Tracking, Dispatching
- BENEFIT/COST Analysis -- Value of Distribution System Improvements
- Fault location (details above)
--------------------------------
4. Labs Overview Presentations
--------------------------------
----------------------
**PNNL** (Landis Kannberg)
----------------------
-See changes in utility industry requiring new operations/control systems
architectures.
- T&D being neglected as focus of restructuring is on supply and
marketing.
Monitoring & Control:
- Portable Power System Monitoring Unit (wide area, gps synchronized)
- Portable Dynamic Analysis & Design
- Wide Area Measurement System ("DataTake" and "DataSee" software packages)
- Distributed Load Controller for Grid Stability
- Dynamic Event Recognizer (wavelet based)
- Fiber Optic Instrument Platform Analysis
- Model based simulation, visualization (power system dynamics)
- Measurement-based (freq. domain, mode analysis for TCSC, etc.)
Power Conversion
- Pulse Amplitude Synthesis Control -Step Wave form
(combined multiple DC inputs)
SMES
- Site/Applications evaluation studies
Information Technology
- Short Term Load Forecaster (neural net)
- Communications Network Architecture
- Automated Diagnosis
Distributed Utilities --studies, valuation, effects on grid
----------------------
**Sandia** (David Robinson)
----------------------
There are many applicable areas of expertise at SNL.
Presentation focused on Reliability Methods for Complex Networks.
Tools exist, and in use by telephone networks.
Need to take level of traffic into account-can have paradoxical effects.
Real Time Performance Monitoring -- in use for on-board vehicle diagnostics.
- Optimize #, type, placement of sensors
- Reduce sensor data to feature set
- Present decision info to operators
Predictive Maintenance Tool -- already in use by several mfg.
Secure Data Communications -- program for textile industry
Also, brief discussion about Sandia's efforts on real-time system performance monitoring and fault identification, particularly citing their advances in "diagnostic algorithms", and noting opportunities for inter-lab collaboration.
----------------------
**ORNL** (John Stowall)
----------------------
Major DOE T&D Program -- funding cut
High Capacity Transmission--will be hard to build 100,000 Mi of
needed new transmission by 2010, so need to increase capacity of existing
corridors.
- High Phase Order -- demo completed
- Real Time Control (FACTS)
- Advanced Analysis
- HVDC--goal to reduce unit costs-- next gen. hi-power electronics
- Voltage Source Converter developed, with many potential applications
Distribution Control
- Study substations using high bandwidth data collection
- Algorithms for Capacitor switching
Studies--Ancillary Control, regional marginal costs, etc.
HTSC Cable and Transformer programs
----------------------
**NIST** (Gerry Fitzpatrick)
----------------------
Metrology for Elec Power Systems, relevant to T&D
Seeking comments on their draft Strategic Plan for NIST & elec utility industry.
Dielectrics
- Cable condition/aging studies (for nuclear plants)
- SF6 studies, substitutes
- partial discharge measurements, correl with acoustic, electrical
signatures;
- PD measurement instrument package under development
Power Quality
- Characterization, measurement (need to focus on current not voltage!)
- Simulation, suppression of Surges
EMF Measurements
Precise measurements of high voltage and current: - impulse, dividers,
OCTs
Power, energy meter tests, motor and transformer efficiency
----------------------
**INEL** (Shawn West, Tom Ulrich)
----------------------
Available now:
- Emergency Generator Systems Planning and Design
- Utility Control Systems and Supervisory Control Studies
- Corrosion Mitigation
- Distrib Automation (next generation SCADA)
Pending/in development:
- Anticipated Transformer Failure Monitor (acoustic)
- Optical PT
- Substation Equipment Diagnostic Expert System
- Substation stray HV Monitoring system
Concepts
- Mobile Distributed Generator
- Direct Buried Transformer
- Power Reliability Assessment
- Regional Management Center Model
- Oilless Overhead Transformer (pat. applic in prep), 500kVA
Vendors interested, needs utility participants.
----------------------
**Ontario Hydro Technology (OHT)** (Gerry Ford)
----------------------
See technology not as a "cost", but as an enabler of change and competitive
advantage.
OHT is in house R&D arm of Ontario Hydro, with 500 staff; broad
program areas.
In T&D, some of the products that are available now:
- Digital Power System Stabilizer
- Microprocessor Digital Frequency Recorder
- Power System Disturbance Recorder
- Real Time Digital Simulator-Services
- Asset Mgt and Maint. Optimization
- Transmission Line Assessment and Refurbishment
- Lineman Fall Protection Program
- GIS & CT/PT Diagnostic monitoring systems
- Line Clearance/Sag Monitor
- State-Based Decision Making (network)
- High V, I test facilities
- Substation and Power apparatus real-time monitoring and information
systems
- Insulation coordination
- Pipe Cable refurbishment
______________________________________________
UFTO Topic Workshop -- TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION
PARTICIPANTS: (address and tel. list at end)
** UTILITIES (UFTO Members) ----------------
EdF Andre Marquet Tex Util Roger Fischer
Cinergy Jim Lemke NSP Gary Roskos
** LABS -----------------------------------
PNNL -- Carl Imhoff, et.al.
SANDIA -- David Robinson
ORNL -- John Stowall
NIST -- Jerry Fitzpatrick
INEL -- Shawn West, Tom Ulrich
Ontario Hydro Technologies (OHT) -- Gary Ford
PROGRAM -----------------------------
"Implications of Industry Restructuring for T&D; Technology Challenges
and Opportunities"
- UTILITY INDUSTRY NEEDS -- in the "WIRES BUSINESS"
- APPLICABLE TECHNOLOGY FROM THE LABS
- RECENT MAJOR OUTAGES Implications/lessons
* What's needed on the T&D grid now and in the future
* What do the Labs have to offer
Topics to include: equipment, devices, systems, operations, maintenance, automation, materials, sensors, reliability, analysis, planning, etc., FOR THE GRID. Not generation, storage, end-use, etc.; distributed resources only to extent of assessing impact on the grid. Not "analysis" i.e. large scale power system models.
Purpose -- A chance for:
-- An informal dialogue and exchange of ideas;
-- The market to say what it needs;
-- The Labs to show what they have done and can do;
-- Relationship building;
-- Exploration of collaborative opportunities.
Success Measures: All attendees learn something useful; collaborations initiated; utilities adopt lab technology; labs gain better understanding of market needs; etc.
Background: UFTO member utility companies have seen detailed reports that describe the work at each of many Federal Labs, and this material has been well received. Now, their goal is to concentrate in a particular technical area, and bring together representatives and the technology offerings from across all the labs, for the purposes outlined above.
Though DOE is not currently funding T&D research, the labs have long experience, many exciting products, innovations and ideas, and technical expertise that can be brought to bear (e.g. systems analysis, sensors, materials, etc., just to name a few).
---AGENDA----------------------------------------------------------
Monday Afternoon, November 11
1:00 - 1:20 Welcome and Introductions
1:20 - 3:00 Framing the Challenge
Brief Presentations Followed by Discussion
A. "ISO's -- WILL THEY BE ABLE TO HANDLE IT?"
Emerging Issues in Regional Transmission
(Roger Fischer, Texas Utilities)
B. "SMARTER OPERATION, MAINT., MONITORING AND DECISIONS"
What do utilities* really need and want?
(Gary Roskos, NSP)
C. "NEW AND BETTER EQUIPMENT & DEVICES"
What do utilities* really need and want?
(Jim Lemke, Cinergy)
(*or whoever it is that will own/operate the "wires")
3:00- 3:20 BREAK
3:20 - 5:00 Overview of the Labs and What They Offer
Utilities for T&D (see below)
(Brief introductions -- 10-15 min each lab)
5:00 - 5:30 Prioritization of Topics for Detailed Discussion on Tuesday
Morning
- Summarize Specific Matches
- Summarize Key Gaps/Needs of Industry
- What Can Labs Offer
------------------------------------------
6:30 pm DINNER (at a local winery)
------------------------------------------
Tuesday Morning
8:00 - 8:30 Continental Breakfast
8:30 - Brainstorming -- (Priorities, Opportunities, Obstacles)
Detailed Discussions (15-30 minutes each):
"Hits" (Specific match identified)
- Technical Presentations by Labs
- Industry Response
"Gaps" (Unmet needs that Labs could address)
- Define the need in detail
(Including long range future developments)
- Lab Response
11:30 Wrap Up, Next Steps, and Call for Action
12:00 Adjourn
----------------------------------------------------------------
T&D-RELATED ITEMS AT
LABS, PREVIOUSLY IDENTIFIED BY UFTO:
*Condition Assessment/Monitoring
Oil Condition Monitor -- Sandia
H2 Sensor for transformers -- Sandia
SF6 Degradation/partial discharge -- ORNL, NIST, OHT
Cable (nuclear plant) studies -- NIST, Sandia
Elec Machine Current Waveform -- ORNL
Optical Temp Sensor -- SRS
Oil Leak Detector -- INEL
Sensors -- chemical, temp, etc. -- "all"
*Smart Control
Intellig Distrib Mgt (SCADA) -- INEL
Decision Support for O&M (DSOM) -- PNNL
Systems, Automation, Reliability -- LANL, Sandia, "all"
*Distrib Utilities Analysis -- PNNL
*GIS, AM-FM
Siting, ROW -- ANL
Renewable resource -- NREL
*Power conversion
AC-DC-AC -- ORNL, PNNL
*Transmission
Higher Capacity Transmission (Hi-Phase Order) -- ORNL
Real Time Power System Control -- PNNL, ORNL
Wide Area Monitoring -- PNNL
EM Pulse Prediction -- Sandia, ORNL
Optical CT -- NIST
Optical PT -- INEL
High Strength Conductor -- Ames
Higher Efficiency Transformer -- Ames
Fast High Power Switching -- Sandia
*Superconductivity -- ORNL, PNNL, LANL, ANL
SC Fault Limiter
SC Wire
SC Transformer
SC Technology for Utilities
*Materials -- "all"
Corrosion Prevention (underground) -- INEL
----------------------------------------------------
Participants -- Name/address/Tel/Fax/Email
| Utility Participants
---------------- Mr. Gary Roskos Team Leader, Performanace Analysis Northern States Power Co. 414 Nicollet Mall 6th floor Minneapolis, MN 55401 612-330-6891, fax 612-337-2380 rskg02@nspco.com ----------------- Mr. Jim Lemke, CINergy 1619 W. Deffenbough Box 3039 Kokomo IN 46904 317-454-6196, fax 317-454-6581 jlemke@cinergy.com ----------------- Mr. Roger Fischer Research & Development TU Services Energy Plaza, 19-052 1601 Bryan Street Dallas, TX 75201-3411 214-812-4314, fax 214-812-8967 rfische1@tuelectric.com ----------------- Mr. Andre Marquet Research & Development Div Electricité de France 1, av. du Général de Gaulle 92141 Clamart Cedex- FRANCE 011-33-1-47-65-32-70 011-33-1-47-65-42-74 andre.marquet@der.edfgdf.fr ----------------- Ed Beardsworth UFTO 951 Lincoln Avenue Palo Alto CA 94301-3041 415-328-5670, fax 415-328-5675 edbeards@ufto.com -------------------------------------- |
Lab Participants
----------------- Gerry Fitzpatrick NIST Bldg 220, Room B-344 Gaithersburg MD 20899 301-975-2737, fax 301-948-5796 fitzpatrick@eeel.nist.gov ----------------- Gary Ford, Manager, Grid Program Ontario Hydro Technologies 800 Kipliing Ave, KR297 Toronto Ontario, CANADA M8Z5S4 416-207-6613, fax 416-207-5558 fordg@oht.hydro.on.ca ----------------- John P. Stovall Oak Ridge National Laboratory Bldg. 3147, MS-6070 P. O. Box 2008 Oak Ridge, TN 37931-6070 423-574-5198, fax 423-574-5227 stovalljp@ornl.gov ----------------- Carl Imhoff Pacific Northwest National Lab PO Box 999 Richland WA 99352 509-375-4328, fax 509-375-5454 ch_imhoff@pnl.gov Landis Kannberg
Merwin Brown
Tom Ulrich, Tech Transfer Office
|